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About "Divided highway"

A 'Divided Highway' is a roadway design featuring a physical barrier, median strip, or substantial separation dividing lanes of traffic moving in opposite directions, significantly improving safety by preventing head-on collisions and providing space for controlled left turns and emergency vehicle access. According to the Federal Highway Administration's highway design standards and the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, divided highways represent a major advancement in road safety engineering, with research consistently demonstrating that physical separation of opposing traffic flows reduces fatal and serious injury crashes by 40-70% compared to undivided roadways carrying similar traffic volumes. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's crash data analysis shows that head-on collisions, while representing a small percentage of total crashes, account for a disproportionate number of fatalities due to the combined impact forces of vehicles traveling in opposite directions. Divided highways typically feature various types of medians: raised concrete barriers, depressed grassy medians with slopes, cable barriers, or simply painted buffer zones on higher-speed rural roads. Transportation engineers design medians to serve multiple functions: preventing crossover crashes, providing recovery areas for errant vehicles, accommodating drainage systems, offering space for future road widening, and in some cases supporting vegetation that improves aesthetics and air quality. The Interstate Highway System, America's most extensive divided highway network, was specifically designed with grade-separated interchanges and continuous physical median barriers as core safety features. Urban planning research documents how divided highways also create pedestrian safety challenges, requiring overpasses, underpasses, or controlled crossing points to protect pedestrians from high-speed traffic. The phrase represents a fundamental principle in traffic engineering: that separating conflicting movements through physical design is more reliable than depending on driver behavior alone to prevent serious crashes. Sources: FHWA - Highway Design Standards, NHTSA - Crash Prevention Research.